Stomata development in plants unraveled -- a valuable discovery for environmental research

Public release date: 3-Apr-2012
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Contact: Sooike Stoops
sooike.stoops@vib.be
32-924-46611
VIB (the Flanders Institute for Biotechnology)

Plants breathe through stomata

Plant leaves are protected from drying out by an airtight wax layer. They breathe and release water through microscopic pores called stomata. Every year 40% of atmospheric CO₂ and twice the volume of water found in our atmosphere pass through these pores. This means that stomata are not only important for plant development but also for our climate!

It's no surprise then that these pores appear to be strictly regulated by plants. Stomata react extremely fast to internal plant signals and changes in the environment. When rain is scarce, for example, the pores will close to prevent the plant from wasting water while an automatic drought protection mechanism is triggered into action.

Brassinosteroids, a class of plant hormones, play an important role in determining the number of leaf stomata, but the underlying mechanism was until now not well understood.

Brassinosteroids are crucial plant hormones

Controlling multiple aspects of plant growth and development, brassinosteroids are omnipresent in the plant kingdom. The hormones have a positive effect on the quality and productivity of crops and increase their resistance to stress and disease.

Scientist Jenny Russinova and her team, who are associated with both VIB and Ghent University, study the action mechanisms of brassinosteroids. A recent breakthrough led them to conclude that the latter also affect the number of stomata. Plants without the hormone develop many fewer stomata. The opposite is also true: more brassinosteroids dramatically increase the number of pores.

Scientific breakthrough: action mechanism deciphered!

The VIB scientists are the first to unravel the action mechanism. They were able to determine how the various agents work together to form new stomata. Their experiments showed that brassinosteroids exert direct action on speechless, the transcription factor that initiates the development of stomata. Their action allows for a multitude of different interactions. This exemplifies the strictly orchestrated regulation of stomata development, which is able to react very quickly to environmental changes or internal plant signals The study has been published in the prestigious science journal Nature Cell Biology.

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 3-Apr-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Sooike Stoops
sooike.stoops@vib.be
32-924-46611
VIB (the Flanders Institute for Biotechnology)

Plants breathe through stomata

Plant leaves are protected from drying out by an airtight wax layer. They breathe and release water through microscopic pores called stomata. Every year 40% of atmospheric CO₂ and twice the volume of water found in our atmosphere pass through these pores. This means that stomata are not only important for plant development but also for our climate!

It's no surprise then that these pores appear to be strictly regulated by plants. Stomata react extremely fast to internal plant signals and changes in the environment. When rain is scarce, for example, the pores will close to prevent the plant from wasting water while an automatic drought protection mechanism is triggered into action.

Brassinosteroids, a class of plant hormones, play an important role in determining the number of leaf stomata, but the underlying mechanism was until now not well understood.

Brassinosteroids are crucial plant hormones

Controlling multiple aspects of plant growth and development, brassinosteroids are omnipresent in the plant kingdom. The hormones have a positive effect on the quality and productivity of crops and increase their resistance to stress and disease.

Scientist Jenny Russinova and her team, who are associated with both VIB and Ghent University, study the action mechanisms of brassinosteroids. A recent breakthrough led them to conclude that the latter also affect the number of stomata. Plants without the hormone develop many fewer stomata. The opposite is also true: more brassinosteroids dramatically increase the number of pores.

Scientific breakthrough: action mechanism deciphered!

The VIB scientists are the first to unravel the action mechanism. They were able to determine how the various agents work together to form new stomata. Their experiments showed that brassinosteroids exert direct action on speechless, the transcription factor that initiates the development of stomata. Their action allows for a multitude of different interactions. This exemplifies the strictly orchestrated regulation of stomata development, which is able to react very quickly to environmental changes or internal plant signals The study has been published in the prestigious science journal Nature Cell Biology.

###

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[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

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94% The Secret World of Arrietty

All Critics (113) | Top Critics (25) | Fresh (106) | Rotten (7)

As pretty as it is, this Secret World is too Earthbound by far.

The Secret World of Arrietty is a marvelously captivating animated feature about very tiny people and the full-scale world they inhabit.

Yonebayashi gives Arrietty an excellent sense of balance, with the adventure aspects of the story, which feel legitimately dangerous providing well-paced contrast the film's more placid moments.

It's an enjoyable and attractive-looking film, but a little of that "Speed Racer" energy wouldn't have been such a bad thing.

The visual details are inventive, and the animation - particularly the colors - is lovely.

"The Secret World of Arrietty'' is a feast for the eyes that will engage the entire family.

It certainly belongs in the second rank of Ghibli fantasies. But give it a chance.

Most will be caught up in its beautiful spell, immersed in great storytelling at its finest.

The soft-focus animation has an impressionistic quality, as if a gentle breeze had wafted across a Monet canvas.

This smart, winsome fairy tale is not quite Hiyao Miyazaki, but it still might be the best animated film that (some few) will see all year.

Another Studio Ghibli wonder, as heartbreaking for its devotion to craft, artistry and intelligent storytelling (for viewers of all ages) as for its themes of inevitable exile and impossible love.

There's a gentle movie from Japan that's going to seem familiar to a lot of fans of the series of books about 'The Borrowers.'

...yet another jewel in the crown of Studio Ghibli.

...creates a sense of wide-eyed wonder and discovery as we experience the awe-inspiring mysteries of an ordinary house as seen from the four-inch borrower's point of view.

The animation, a gorgeous blend of bewitching watercolored backgrounds and poignantly rendered characters, is, as ever, beyond reproach.

What is most effective is the way the sense of peaceful shelter and retreat in the country setting contrasts with the precariousness of the situations faced by Shawn and Arrietty.

It's hard to imagine this scenario playing out with more delicacy and care than animator-turned-director Yonebayashi Hiromasa brings to bear.

Arrietty has an elegiac mood, like a more wan and sedate Toy Story.

Gently enchanting, an extraordinary adventure

There may not be a frenzy of action and fast cuts but each scene has meticulous details about how the borrowers live, how they make use of the things in their environment to survive.

Tiny people who live in the walls of a rural home are put at risk when they are discovered by the humans residing there. Studio Ghibli offers a soothing animated version of the classic children's novels.

the basic elements of loneliness, friendship, and the fragility of life are intact, along with that ineffable sense of wonder, melancholy, and magic

By being less bizarre than SPIRITED AWAY and having more of a human center to the film, THE SECRET WORLD OF ARRIETTY is one of Studio Ghibli's best efforts to date.

A beautiful family film based on THE BORROWERS will delight audiences of all ages

The Secret World of Arrietty is an engaging and warm story of a lovely friendship that has enough action and humour to satisfy all ages, and boy, it's awfully pretty.

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JetBlue pilot released from hospital, held in jail

By msnbc.com news services

The JetBlue pilot who suffered a midair meltdown that forced a flight to be diverted last week appeared in federal court in shackles on Monday to hear the charges against him.?

Capt. Clayton Osbon, who was accompanied by his wife, told Magistrate Judge Clinton Averitte he understands the charges against him for interfering with a flight crew.?

"I do," said Osbon, who was wearing a green collared shirt and khaki pants.?

Osbon will remain in jail until a detention hearing on Thursday, according to the?Amarillo Globe-News.?

A JetBlue flight made an emergency landing in Amarillo, Texas, on Tuesday after the pilot had a "medical situation" and had to be restrained by passengers. NBC's Tom Costello reports.

Osbon was released from the Pavilion at Amarillo's Northwest Texas Healthcare System in handcuffs at 7:30 a.m CT, the paper reported.

Flight 191 was scheduled from John F. Kennedy Airport to Las Vegas, but was diverted to Amarillo, Texas, on Tuesday. JetBlue suspended Osbon following the incident. He is charged with interfering with a flight crew and, if convicted, could face 20 years in prison.

Osbon's wife, Connye Osbon, said on Sunday that the pilot's family is focused on his recovery. She asked the media for privacy and said the family would not be granting interviews or making further statements. She said the family appreciated the public's concern.

"It is our belief, as Clayton's family, that while he was clearly distressed, he was not intentionally violent toward anyone," said a?statement?by Connye Osbon on behalf of the Osbon family that was released by JetBlue on Sunday. "We know you were placed in an awful situation and we appreciate your ability to respond professionally."

JetBlue said in a?blog post?last week that it will not share further details about the captain's "private life."

Reuters contributed to this report.

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Mesothelioma Legal Options Overview | Best And Most Information ...

Mesothelioma is a form of cancer caused by asbestos exposure. When asbestos-containing products are moved or disturbed, microscopic fibers are released into the air and subsequently inhaled into the lungs. Though mesothelioma is sometimes called ?lung cancer,? this is not entirely accurate.

Asbestos can cause both lung cancer and mesothelioma, and the two diseases have similar symptoms, but only lung cancer actually affects the interior of the lung. Mesothelioma, on the other hand, is a cancer of the lining of the lung. It can also affect other parts of the chest, abdomen, and heart.

Mesothelioma is relatively rare. Approximately 3,000 new cases are diagnosed every year, compared to 220,000 new cases of lung cancer. Mesothelioma can be slow to develop, and many of those people diagnosed with mesothelioma have not been exposed to asbestos for years.

The asbestos industry knew of health risks by the 1930s, and the first asbestos-related death occurred in 1906.

The industry managed to hide this information from the public for several decades, however, leading to countless cases of mesothelioma. Asbestos manufacturers who knowingly exposed workers to the substance after its health risks were known have millions of dollars earmarked for future settlements.

Michigan mesothelioma lawyers may be able to help you obtain financial compensation for your condition. Specifically, he or she may be able to help you recover for medical treatment, lost wages, and pain and suffering. Your family members may also be able to recover certain damages.

If you have been exposed to asbestos in the past, you may be at risk for developing mesothelioma. Watch for signs like pain or fluid in the chest, trouble breathing, wheezing, coughing, weight loss, and fatigue. These could be indicative of an undiagnosed case of mesothelioma. Contact a doctor immediately.

Because these symptoms can overlap with the symptoms of lung cancer, be sure to tell your doctor about your past asbestos exposure. This will help ensure a correct diagnosis and make sure you get the treatment you need.

You have probably seen other mesothelioma lawyers advertising their services. Many of these big advertisers are actually national law firms that want to group you into one large class action lawsuit. Although there are some advantages to this approach, many people diagnosed with mesothelioma prefer personal one-on-one contact with a Michigan mesothelioma lawyer.

For a free evaluation of your unique situation, please contact an attorney who specializes in mesothelioma cases.

?

Mr. Joshua Syme is one of Zamler, Mellen & Shiffman, P.C.?s experienced?Michigan personal injury attorneys. At Zamler, Mellen & Shiffman, P.C., we know how to use the law to pursue Social Security Disability benefits for injured workers and are rated #1 by The Detroit News. Our?Michigan personal injury lawyers?have helped?over 150,000 people?and recovered?hundreds of millions of dollars?for our clients in personal injury cases.

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The Secret Advantage For Getting A VA Home Loan | Finance World

Apr 04 2012

A military man or a woman who has served can get a VA home loan after completing their required service in the military. That is, if they want to buy a home. But they also have to qualify through their credit rating and of course, have a house they want to buy.

VA home loan have some advantages but at the same time the have some disadvantages. The main disadvantage is the approval for this type of financing. Your credit rating must be of high value and you must serve at least 180 days in peacetime or 90 days of wartime just to qualify for the home loan.

The VA has to approve the lending and lenders, meaning the bank or savings and loan company. There is a restriction on the number of lenders the military personnel have to work with. It also takes up to 30 days from the time the application is accepted to get a response. There are also the closing costs, if not paid by the seller, it leaves little room for price negotiation. However, some think the advantages are well worth the effort it takes to get a VA loan.

The best advantage is the low interest rate for a VA home loan. The terms of the loan are designed to help the military personnel so they don?t get into any financial trouble. Some loans will take on the selling cost, closing costs and the down payment. Just these advantages alone can save you hundreds of dollar on the financing each month.
A VA home loan will give you a chance to have house when you might not be able to get financing from any other source. It also helps when you don?t have to come up with a down payment. However, the loans can be for more the just a home. You can also get loans for debt consolidation, to start a new business, or even a loan to refinance a home. A VA home loan can also be used to start a savings account or to remodel your house or business.
One more advantage a VA home loan can give you is if your credit rating is very bad. The VA factors in many things such as defaults on other loans, factors other lenders would consider a bad risk. Since the VA is a guarantor of the loan, that is, they act as a co-signer, which makes bad credit rating a low risk for lender. The VA helps to ensure the borrower will repay the money.
When you get a low interest rate loan from the VA it allows you to have not only more money at the time of the loan but it also gives you a loan time (repayment) you can?t get any other place. That means instead of taking out a loan from a bank for 20 years, you can get the same loan from the VA for 10 year repayment.
There are a lot of factor you need to consider when applying for a home loan. You need to think about the repayment schedule, interest rate, how much you need, and what you?re going to do with the loan. After all these factor are evaluated then you know the advantages of getting a VA home loan will be worth the effort.

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About the Author: Writer is an expert writer on VA Home Loans and a leader in providing information and assistance to Veterans as they go through the process of obtaining a VA home loan whether it be a purchase or refinance loan. I hope this information about VA Loans was helpful

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Starting An Online Business Utilizing Search engine optimization

If you?re serious about starting an online business you?ll need to master Seo which involves enhancing the chances of your web site becoming seen in search engine outcomes.

This is beneficial to website owners, as if the web site is observed by more people, then much more people will go to the site, making it much more popular and possibly generating more revenue for the owner. The suggestions in this post will help you with search engine optimization.

As you start to discover about Seo, you will run across terms like frames. Frames can be an attractive feature for the website, but they also trigger your website to load extremely slowly and will make the spiders have to function additional hard to crawl your pages. If you do have frames on your site, be sure you also possess a couple of pages offering ?noframes? content.

To demonstrate the significance of a keyword to search engines like google, bold it on its first use. Search engines like google are able to recognize when text is bolder, and rate bolder words as being more important to your page. Getting a bold word will help search engines like google to discover your keyword and to look for additional appearances of it on your page.

You need Plenty of Back hyperlinks When Starting An Online Business

1 from the most important methods that search engines like Google rank websites is by the quantity of hyperlinks to that site from other major sites. To improve your site?s visibility on search engines, it is consequently essential to get as many other sites linking to your websites as possible.

Produce links that revert back to your own site. Links are viewed by search engine bots as well, and with much more hyperlinks on your page that go back to your own website, you?ll find greater SERP outcomes and higher traffic directed to your web site and the pages which you have set up.

It is usually an excellent idea to insert comment tags into the body of one?s web pages. These comment tags will be hidden from any visitors, but you much better believe that most search engines look for them when figuring out how to rank your website. Make sure your comments include essential keywords.

When starting an online business be very careful if you?re sponsoring hyperlinks! Unless the hyperlinks are really inside content that somebody will want to read, they just do not work. A good use of a paid link would be getting your web site linked to from a blog post reviewing an item you sell as that would drive targeted visitors to your site.

The key to optimization is really a concentrate on the text inside your RSS feed which ought to reflect your posts and webpages. Use descriptive and keyword wealthy text inside your title and descriptions on not only your main website but all of your RSS feeds. Spiders frequently crawl via these as usually they are much more easy and easy to do searches through.

As stated before in the article, search engine optimization improves the probabilities of a website being seen in search engine results. This works within the favor of website owners as more visibility indicates more visitors, which means much more income and recognition.

If you are serious about building a profitable online business fast, check out Empower Network It gives you all the TOOLS you need and a ton of advanced insider training you can use to generate traffic to your site, generate leads on demand, and promote your online business. For further tips on starting an online business click here My Online Business

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When Will Be The Time To Get Debt Management Advice ...

At some point in his or her lives, the majority of folks will find their selves borrowing income. Whether it is through employing a credit card to finance a major acquire or getting a mortgage, funding money may - at some point - need make monthly payments.

While some folks may find the process to be a relatively easy task - depending, among other elements, on how significantly they have took out in the first spot - there can be situations when meeting requirements for payment is a wrestle. Should this be the case and you get in a position your location constantly dropping behind on your monetary obligations, seeking out debt management advice might be a wise strategy.

Debt problems can come in various forms. Perhaps you might be unable to shell out utility bills carrying out a loss of revenue or can certainly barely afford to make the lowest repayments in store playing cards. Whatever the reason - or reasons - at the rear of your personal problems, you might well discover that creditors along with other companies are generally constantly phoning you demanding money.

This might come in the shape of bills currently being posted to your residence, as well as words claiming being their "final demand" for payment ahead of other activity is used. Alternatively, they could attempt to get hold of you by phone or email. If this is the truth, now could be time to seek assist managing your hard earned money.

Constantly having your over-limit can be a warning that you need debt management advice . Exceeding the over-limit limit decided with your traditional bank will result in anyone being struck with a fine. While you might be able to cope with such charges with an occasional time frame, constantly having these fees may be indicative that you are inside significant personal difficulty.

If you're constantly struggling to make ends meet, you might be contemplating taking out even more borrowing - perhaps a second plastic card - as a stopgap. And although you may find this provides some short-term relief, without a anticipate how to make monthly payments you may turn out falling a little more forward behind with your finances.

A much more sustainable way of getting to grabs with income could be to find debt management advice . In doing so, you can find guidance on ways to tackle your financial problems without having to be lent more money and have into more deeply fiscal issues.

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